江西自学考试英语(二)真题

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　　Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point each)

　　从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　1.People working outdoors should especially ____ their skin from the sun.

　　A.protect B.protest

　　C.prefer D.perfect

　　2. A vocabulary index is included for easy ____.

　　A.inference B.difference

　　C.conference D.reference

　　3.Statistics show that the normal life ____ in China is now 72.

　　A.prediction B.prospect

　　C.span D.forecast

　　4.We were delayed at the airport. ____ we would have been here earlier.

　　A.Subsequently B.Otherwise

　　C.However D.Consequently

　　5.This article is aid to be ____ to that one in style.

　　A.superior B.1iable

　　C.available D.accessible

　　6. The author of the book benefited a lot ____his readers，criticism.

　　A.to ` B.of

　　C.from D.for

　　7.Lots of small businesses in that country simply cannot ____ to buy health insurance for their workers.

　　A.deliver B.offer

　　C.provide D.afford

　　8.His speech at the ceremony will no doubt ____ his reputation.

　　A.account for B.add to

　　C.amount to D.allow for

　　9.It is easier for young people to ____to new environments than the

　　elderly.

　　A.activate B.adopt

　　C.allocate D.adapt

　　10. Having this disease does not ____ mean that you will die young.

　　A.necessarily B.regularly

　　C.occasionally D.automatically

　　Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 points，1 point each)

　　下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并

　　在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

　　Many public libraries in the United States have had financial difficulties in recent years because of cuts in federal and state government spending.__11__ the same time，the cost of books，wages of library workers，and even the cost of fuel to heat and cool library buildings have __12__. Some libraries have had to reduce the __13__ of hours they are open and dismiss some

　　The American Library Association says local governments have __14__ more support to replace lost federal and state money.It also says libraries have developed new outside sources of money--businesses and private groups，for __15__. These new sources of money have helped although libraries cannot depend __16__ them for major, continuing support.

　　The American Library Association says __17__ also increasing debate over the high cost of new computer services in libraries.Some experts say those who use these __18__ services should pay for them.Many librarians __19__. They say library research services should remain free to all users.

　　The new technology and its costs are causing many changes in America’s public libraries.__20__ experts say the main purpose of the libraries will not change.Libraries will continue to provide knowledge and information for everyone.

　　11. A. In B. At C. From D. For

　　12. A. risen B. dropped C. decreased D. improved

　　13. A. amount B. part C. number D. sum

　　14. A. presented B. provided C. rejected D. reduced

　　15.A.good B.short C. example D. nothing

　　16.A.on B.from C. within D. for

　　17.A.this is B.there is C. it is D. that is

　　18.A.inexpensive B.free C. costly D. economical

　　19.A.discontinue B.disappear C. dismount D. disagree

　　20.A.So B.As C. For D. But

　　Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points，2 points each)

　　从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上

　　将相应的字母涂黑。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

　　Electronic waste，also called e-waste，has become an issue of serious concern to environmentalists as a growing number of electronic items are discarded in landfills(垃圾填埋场)every year.Many consumers are not aware that electronics like computers and cell phones actually contain toxins that can enter the soil and damage the environment.

　　Several nations have passed laws about e-waste to try and keep it out of landfills，or in landfills which are equipped to handle toxic materials.The heavy metals in e-waste pose serious environmental and health risks.While many consumers are trained to think of things like cathode ray tubes(阴极射线管)as dangerous articles that require special disposal，most do not connect cell phones，for example，with beryllium，a toxic heavy metal which can cause severe damage

　　to the lungs.In addition to the toxins it contains，e-waste also takes a very long time to biodegrade，which means that it will be taking up landfill space for centuries.

　　The question of what to do with e-waste is a serious one.In the first world，many companies have begun to take steps to reduce the amount of e-waste they create.Companies which manufacture electronics are starting to take items back when they are no longer useful so that usable elements like copper can be safely removed and the rest of the electronics can be safely disposed of.However，a large portion of unwanted electronics in the first world is being shipped to the third world

　　Sometimes this e—waste is shipped under the cover of humanitarian(人道主义的)reasons，arguing that old technology can still help bridge the gap between first and third world.Slow computers which are not wanted in the United States，for example，might make a big difference to someone living in Africa.However, much of this equipment actually arrives in an unusable and broken state，and people desperate for money try to harvest usable materials such as valuable metals from donated equipment.Unfortunately, most of these individuals lack training in how to handle the dangerous materials used in electronics manufacture，and expose themselves and their communities to toxic chemicals and metals.

　　21.The word “toxins” (Para.1)probably refers to ____.

　　A.cheap metals B.electronic parts

　　C.substances D.valuable elements

　　22.Laws about e-waste have been passed because ____.

　　A. cathode ray tubes are not disposed of properly

　　B. e-waste contains toxins and biodegrade slowly

　　C. consumers are ignorant of the danger of cell phones

　　D. enough landfills have been built to handle harmful materials

　　23.It is implied in the third paragraph that ____.

　　A.copper in e—waste is not a recyclable element

　　B.most e-waste in the first world is properly dealt with

　　C.the usual practice in the first world is to recycle e-waste

　　D.electronics manufacturers have the ability to deal with e-waste

　　24.The author believes that the unwanted electronics shipped to the third world ____.

　　A. does more harm than good in fact

　　B. bridges the technological gap to a great extent

　　C. the usual practice in the first world is to recycle e-waste

　　D. electronics manufacturers have the ability to deal with e-waste

　　25.The passage mainly deals with ____.

　　A. the dangers caused by e-waste

　　B. the safe ways to dispose of e-waste

　　C. the illegal transactions of electronics

　　D. the gap between first and third world

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

　　My drop—out started before l was born.My biological mother was a young，unwed college graduate student，and she decided to put me up for adoption.She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates，so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife.Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl.So my parents，who were on a waiting list，got a call in the middle of the night asking： “We have an unexpected baby boy;do you want him?” They said： “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school.She refused to sign the final adoption papers.She changed her mind a few months later when my parents promised that l would someday go to college.

　　And l7 years later I did go to college.But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stantord，and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition.After six months，I couldn’t see the value in it.I had no idea what l wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out.And here I was spending all the money my parents had saved their entire life.So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out 0K.It was pretty scary at the time，but looking back it was one of the best decision I ever made.The minute I dropped I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me，and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

　　It wasn’t all romantic.I didn’t have a dorm room，so I slept on the floor in friends ’rooms，I returned coke bottles for the 5c deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.And much of what I stumbled into turned out to be priceless later on.

　　26.The expression “biological mother” refers to ____.

　　A.one’s mother through adoption

　　B.one’s mother through birth

　　C.an unmarried mother

　　D.a mother working as a biologist

　　27.It is true that the author’s parents ____.

　　A.worked as lawyers

　　B.adopted a baby girl

　　C.graduated from college

　　D.had no college degrees

　　28.The author quitted school mainly because ____.

　　A.he had spent all of his parents’ savings

　　B.classes in his college did not interest him

　　C.he didn’t think his college tuition worthwhile

　　D.he wanted to make more money for his parents

　　29.After the author dropped out of college，he ____.

　　A.1ived on his parents’ savings

　　B.found satisfactory employment

　　C.continued to pursue his interests

　　D.enjoyed selling bottles for a living

　　30.The author regarded his drop—out as ____.

　　A.romantic

　　B.useless

　　C.disappointing

　　D.rewarding

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　With technological advances，the first half of the twentieth century saw a movement of workers away from agricultural to industrial production.The second half saw a movement from industrial production to services.So far，technological advances have not reduced Our need for service workers.But what would happen if advances in artificial intelligence(AI) fall should greatly increase the productivity of service workers，as suggested by the following scene?

　　Andrea calls the doctor’s office with a medical concern.The doctor’s automated telephone system，in a friendly and personal voice，asks her a series of questions.Based on Andrea’s answers and in consultation with her insurer’s claim system，the doctor’s system directs her to a neighborhood lab for tests.At the lab，another automated system performs the prescribed tests，makes a diagnosis，and provides the appropriate medication，all while in contact with Andrea’s insurer.As the service is completed，the insurer pays the cost of the service.Andrea signs for any co-payment，to be paid automatically from her bank account.Heading home，Andrea was happily spared from long waits and a hurried contact with the doctor.

　　To anticipate the realization of such a scene and its timing，we should watch the industries with the most potential for early application of AI. These would be where services are already provided at a distance (airline reservations were all early example).Once widespread in these industries，Al will have built the necessary level of trust and acceptance to move into more and more service industries.

　　The critical issue now is that such changes could lead to considerable reduction in service jobs at a time when people will want to (or need to) work longer.Services in the first half of the twenty—first century might thus resemble manufacturing in the second half of the twentieth century, with considerable unemployment and significant incentives(诱因)for early retirement.If we are to minimize the panic.we need first to see it coming.

　　31. It is possible that in the future ____.

　　A.Al will limit industrial production

　　B.service industries will be out of business

　　C.Al will create more jobs for human workers

　　D. the need for workers will be reduced

　　32.The main aim of the second paragraph IS to show that____.

　　A.Al will make services more efficient

　　B.more humans are available for services

　　C.medical payment involves a complex process

　　D.several doctors are needed in a medical diagnosis

　　33.Airline reservations are an early example of ____.

　　A.AI application

　　B.a face-to-face service

　　C. the prevalence of flights

　　D.AI reliance on humans

　　34.It is implied in the last paragraph that in the second half of 20th century____.

　　A.a lot of employees refused to do more work

　　B.a large number of employees lost their jobs

　　C.numerous workers were forced to retire earlier

　　D.many workers were encouraged to work longer

　　35.The author’s attitude toward the future of AI is ____.

　　A.positive

　　B. negative

　　C.objective

　　D.indifferent

　　IV.Word Spelling(10 points，l point for two words)

　　将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

　　36.滑的;圆滑的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　38.冲击; 影响 n. i_ _ _ _ _

　　40. 音乐家 n. m_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　42.***;吸引 v. t_ _ _ _

　　44.出版物 n. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　37.身体上地 ad. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　39. 进行中的 a. o_ _ _ _ _ _

　　41. 重力 n. g _ _ _ _ _ _

　　43.怀疑;推测 v.s_ _ _ _ _ _

　　45.日常的;例行的 a.r_ _ _ _ _ _

　　46.第三十 num. t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　48. 自愿的 a. v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　50.诚实地 ad.h_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　52. 最初的;词首的 a.i_ _ _ _ _ _

　　54.定位;场所 n.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　47.无感觉的 a. s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　49.即兴创作 v. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　51.承担，从事 v. u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　53.间隔 n. i_ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　55.星期三 n. W_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

　　V.Wbrd Form(10 points，1 point each)

　　将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

　　56. A good way to ____ (1arge) your vocabulary is to read newspapers

　　every day.

　　57.The ____ (employ)showed great enthusiasm for the new machine.

　　58. Greece was our first ____ (choose)for a vacation，but all the flights

　　59.We will take your recent illness into ____(consider)when marking

　　your exam paper.

　　60. He studied the German market to find the potential there for ____

　　(profit)investment.

　　61.The research has attracted wide media ____ (cover)and has featured

　　on a BBC television program.

　　62.This pattern of black and white is ____ (character)of the local

　　buildings.

　　63.Copies of the documents are available for ____(inspect).

　　64.At the hotel，I made the ____ (acquaint)of a young American actor.

　　65. Some remedial work needs to be done on the foundations to ____

　　(strong)the bridge.

　　Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points，3 points each)

　　将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　66.他跟我说话时就好像认识我好多年了。

　　67.你现在所做的事情有助于你未来获得成功。

　　68.他对这件事情的看法和我的完全一致。

　　69.这个计划似乎是可行的。

　　70.那个地区的人们正在努力把沙漠变成肥沃的土地。

　　Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

　　将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　Not until the beginning of the twentieth century was it recognized that certain substances were essential in the diet to prevent or cure some disease.These substances are now known as vitamins.They are vital for growth，good health，and maintenance of the normal functions of the body.

　　A well-balanced diet should provide all the vitamins we normally require.Those of us who are fortunate enough to be able to buy sufficient rood should not, suffer from vitamin deficiency.However, for various reasons，some people do not maintain a balanced diet.People often lose their appetite because of illness.People living alone may not bother to eat proper meals，and people on a diet may not eat sufficient quantities of necessary foods.

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